N1095VCessna R172K · 1976

On December 29, 2018, about 1020 eastern standard time, a Cessna R172K, N1095V, impacted the ground and then the side of a building in a park about 1 mile south of Howard Nixon Memorial Airport (50G), Chesaning, Michigan. The commercial pilot was fatally injured, and the airplane was destroyed. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan had been filed for the local flight, which originated at Oswosso Community Airport (RNP), Owosso, Michigan, about 1010.

Due to the government furlough, neither the National Transportation Safety Board nor the Federal Aviation Administration responded to the accident site.

According to excerpts from the Saginaw County Sheriff's Office report, the pilot's wife stated that he left home about 0930 to go flying and would be back about 1130.

The sheriff's office report indicated that there were three witnesses to the accident. One witness reported that the pilot was making touch-and-go landings at 50G. The witness also reported hearing the engine "cut out" and observing the airplane go "straight down." Another witness stated that she was walking around the park and saw a low-flying airplane approaching from the south. She also stated that the airplane turned and continued descending. She further stated that the airplane was "not level" when it struck the ground. The last witness reported that he saw the airplane flying east over the park before making a sharp turn to the south. He also reported seeing the wings "go vertical" before the airplane struck the north side of a building.

The pilot, age 83, held a commercial pilot certificate with airplane single-engine land, multiengine land, and instrument ratings and a flight instructor certificate with airplane single-engine and multiengine ratings. He also held a third-class medical certificate, dated January 24, 2018. According to his last application for medical certification, the pilot had accumulated about 13,500 hours of total flight experience, of which 30 hours occurred in the previous 6 months. According to his wife, the pilot had 20 logbooks dating back to 1958. She said that it was too much for her to accurately determine how his hours were categorized, though she said he had instructor and night time in the same make and model airplane. She did report him having 13,476 hours of total flight experience and 12 hours in single engine airplanes. Three of the 12 hours had been logged in the last 30 days, and of that, one hour was in the make and model of airplane.

At 1035, the automated weather observing system at RNP, located 11 miles south of the accident site, reported the following conditions: wind from 330° at 5 knots, visibility 10 miles, ceiling 2,500 ft overcast, temperature -3°C, dew point -7°C, and altimeter setting 30.29 inches of mercury.

Photographs taken by the Saginaw County Sheriff's Office of the accident site revealed a severed left wingtip on the ground followed by skid marks that led to the main impact point. The propeller was found separated in the debris path. From the main impact point, the airplane twisted 90° to the left and skidded 20 to 30 ft further, striking the building. Both wings were crushed and bent aft against the fuselage, with the right wing between the fuselage and the side of the building. The cockpit and cabin were crushed. The vertical stabilizer was displaced to the right. Both horizontal stabilizers were also damaged.

The wreckage was moved to Myers Aviation, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where it was examined by Textron Aviation and Continental Motors personnel under the oversight of a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector. According to Textron Aviation, the aileron interconnect cable and left aileron direct cable exhibited tension overload signatures. Propeller blade No. 1 was straight with chordwise scratches and some twisting. Blade No. 2 was bent aft 90° about 8 inches from the tip. The blade exhibited leading-edge gouges and chordwise scratches. Flight control continuity was confirmed.

According to the Continental Motors representative, the fuel tank finger screens were clear of debris. The fuel selector handle position placard could be rotated about the shaft. The left fuel cap was not vented; the right cap was vented. The engine could only be partially rotated due to impact damage. The oil screen was clear of debris. The left magneto produced interment spark on some leads when rotated. The right magneto impulse couple functioned when manually rotated. The inspection of the engine revealed no preimpact anomalies that would have precluded normal operation.

An autopsy of the pilot was performed by the Saginaw County Medical Examiner's Office, Saginaw, Michigan. The pilot's cause of death was multiple blunt force injuries.

Toxicology testing performed at the FAA Forensic Sciences Laboratory identified dextromethorphan and its metabolite dextrorphan, phenobarbital (6.308 µg/mL), and phenytoin (2.246 µg/mL) in the pilot's blood specimens. No carbon monoxide or ethanol was detected.

Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant available over the counter in various preparations. At recommended doses, it is not considered impairing.

Phenobarbital is a long-acting central nervous system depressant that is typically used as a sedative or an anticonvulsant. It is available by prescription as a schedule IV controlled substance and carries the following precaution: "Phenobarbital may impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks, such as driving a car or operating machinery. The patient should be cautioned accordingly." In addition, the medication warns against mixing it with other central nervous depressants because of additive effects. Common blood levels in patients at stable doses are between 10 and 20 µg/mL.

Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant available by prescription, often marketed with the name Dilantin. Particularly at higher levels, it can cause various neurologic symptoms, including dizziness, drowsiness, irritability, and insomnia. Prescribers are asked to "advise patients taking extended phenytoin sodium capsules not to drive, operate complex machinery, or engage in other hazardous activities until they have become accustomed to any such effects associated with extended phenytoin sodium capsules." Common blood levels in patients at stable doses are between 10 and 20 µg/mL.