N1478EAeronca 7AC · 1946

On August 29, 2022, about 1250 eastern daylight time, an Aeronca 7AC, N1478E, was destroyed when it was involved in an accident near Jacksboro, Tennessee. The private pilot was fatally injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight.

According to a friend of the pilot, the pilot purchased the airplane the day before the accident. He flew the airplane from Alabama to Tennessee, and this flight was the pilot’s first in 20 years. She described that on the day of the accident, he wanted to "take it up for a flight." The friend stated that the airplane took off "real early" and the airplane did not use much of the runway. After takeoff, the airplane made a sharp turn to the left and descended below the tree line. She contacted local authorities and waited for their arrival.

Review of video footage recorded by the pilot’s friend showed the airplane became airborne and entered a slow speed, nose-high climb that continued into a left turn. The airplane then pitched nose-down and began descending while the engine could be heard operating smoothly and continuously to ground contact.

The airplane came to rest nose-down in a field adjacent to the runway oriented on a magnetic heading of 023°. Flight control continuity was established to all primary flight control surfaces. The nose of the airplane was crushed aft to the cockpit, and the engine and avionics instruments were destroyed by impact. The wings remained attached to the fuselage and exhibited impact damage, including accordion-style crush damage along the leading edges. The empennage was bent over the fuselage but remained partially attached.

The engine’s crankshaft could not be rotated due to impact damage, and cylinder compression could not be confirmed. The spark plugs were removed for examination, and the electrodes exhibited normal wear and were dark in color when compared to a Champion Check-a-Plug chart, with no evidence of fouling. The left magneto produced spark on all leads, but the right magneto did not produce any spark due to impact damage to the impulse coupling. The oil screen was removed and was free of debris. The carburetor bowl was clean, and the float moved freely. The right side of the engine case, between the cylinders, was impact-fractured with a crack measuring about 6 inches.

Fuel was found inside the lines from the fuel pump to the carburetor. The fuel strainer was opened, and the screen was clean and unobstructed. The lever-action pumps functioned normally when operated by hand.

The examination of the airframe and engine did not reveal evidence of any preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures that would have precluded normal operation.

The Regional Forensic Center of Knox County performed the pilot’s autopsy, as authorized by the Campbell County Medical Examiner. According to the pilot’s autopsy report, his cause of death was multiple and massive blunt force injuries, and his manner of death was accident.

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Forensic Sciences Laboratory performed toxicological testing of postmortem specimens of the pilot. Diphenhydramine, clopidogrel, and amlodipine were detected in cavity blood and urine.

Diphenhydramine is a sedating antihistamine medication widely available over the counter in multiple sleep aids and cold and allergy products. Diphenhydramine can cause cognitive and psychomotor slowing and drowsiness and often carries a warning that it may impair performance of tasks like driving and operating heavy machinery. The typical elimination half-life of diphenhydramine in plasma is about 3 to 14 hours. The FAA states that pilots should not fly within 60 hours of using diphenhydramine, to allow time for it to be cleared from circulation. Clopidogrel is a prescription medication that prevents clotting. It is used to treat patients with previous histories of heart attacks, including those who are managed medically and those who are managed with coronary revascularization, and to reduce the rate of subsequent heart attacks. It is also used to reduce the risk of recurrent strokes in patients who have had previous non-hemorrhagic strokes. Amlodipine is prescription medication commonly used to treat high blood pressure, chronic stable angina, and as part of the medical management of coronary artery disease.