N3437HErcoupe 415-C · 1946

On February 25, 2020, about 1220 Pacific standard time, an Ercoupe 415C, N3437H, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Torrance, California. The pilot and passenger were not injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight.

The pilot stated that following departure, she completed two touch-and-go practice takeoffs and landings. During the third takeoff, when the airplane had traveled about 3/4 of the length of runway 29R, at an altitude of about 200 ft above ground level (agl), the engine experienced a partial loss of power and surged. The pilot performed a 90º left turn to land on a taxiway. After touchdown, the airplane veered left and collided with two parked airplanes.

Examination revealed no evidence of a catastrophic engine failure. The magneto timing was -2° and -4° than recommended by the manufacturer. Continuity of the fuel system was verified. The engine was rotated with no anomalies found.

The throttle cable was secured at both ends: to the arm on the carburetor and to throttle lever in the cockpit. Movement of the throttle arm revealed that the throttle control in the cockpit did not correspondingly retard aft initially. Further examination of the cable revealed that from the throttle arm, the rod was secured with an Adel clamp to the engine mount. About 3/4-inch of movement of the arm produced movement of the rod that would move the clamp and outer housing (sheath) of the cable; however, the cable would not move (and, in turn, move the throttle control) unless the arm was moved in excess of 3/4-inch. This was confirmed by using a borescope to evaluate the butterfly valve position in the throttle body. The amount of forward and aft play in the throttle control showed that, in relation, the butterfly of the carburetor would deflect roughly 10° to 15° at full throttle and 20° to 25° at half throttle. Additionally, the rigging of the throttle cable from the panel to the throttle arm could have resulted in the rhythmic surging of the engine. If the throttle cable hits the stop at the carburetor end before the throttle knob hits the panel, a “bowing” may occur in the throttle cable. When bowed, the cable can act similar to a spring that is unable to provide the intended movement unless aligned.

The supplemental type certificate (STC) holder, Univair, was not able to determine where exactly the throttle cable’s clamp, part number, 415-40506, was designed to attach.

There are several other recorded instances when similar circumstances have occurred in Ercoupe airplanes.

CHI08CA056: Ercoupe 415D – The NTSB determined the probable cause was a loose clamp on the throttle cable which prevented application of engine power.

BFO94LA001: Ercoupe 415E – The NTSB determined the probable cause was the failure of the airplane's throttle cable fitting due to undetermined reasons, which prevented the pilot from applying power above engine idle.

NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) Report 698127: Ercoupe 415C – The report stated that during landing, the engine began surging and they landed on a highway. A post accident examination revealed that “a bracket securing the throttle cable was loose and that this could have allowed the throttle arm on the carburetor to move and thus cause the surging we experienced.”